One Big Beautiful Bill Act

Introduced: Jun 23, 2025Updated: Oct 8, 2025

Became Law

Sponsor0 Cosponsors

Rep. Arrington, Jodey C. [R-TX-19]

RTexas

Summary

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act, signed on July 4, 2025, represents one of the most ambitious fiscal overhauls in recent history. It extends key 2017 tax cuts and introduces new deductions for seniors, tipped workers, and families with children, aiming to boost middle-class income and consumption. Businesses benefit from lower rates and simplified filings, while entitlement programs face stricter work requirements and spending caps. Supporters hail it as a catalyst for investment and job creation; critics warn it could add up to $5 trillion to the federal debt over the next decade. Beyond the numbers, the bill symbolizes a political gamble: betting that short-term relief and growth will outweigh long-term fiscal risk. Whether it becomes a new economic foundation or another temporary surge depends on implementation and the economic climate it helps create.

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Bill Sections

Sec. 10101

Re-evaluation of thrifty food plan

This section amends the definition and provisions related to the Thrifty Food Plan in the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008, establishing clear guidelines for household adjustments based on size, allowable cost adjustments for various regions, and a future re-evaluation of the plan's market baskets without increasing costs.

Sec. 10102

Modifications to SNAP work requirements for able-bodied adults

This section modifies the work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) by establishing exceptions for certain individuals and standardizing enforcement and exemptions for noncontiguous states. It defines eligible exemptions, outlines conditions for state agencies to receive waivers, and sets reporting requirements for compliance.

Sec. 10103

Availability of standard utility allowances based on receipt of energy assistance

This section amends the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to clarify the conditions under which standard utility allowances and third-party energy assistance payments are determined for households, particularly emphasizing the inclusion and exclusion of elderly or disabled members.

Sec. 10104

Restrictions on internet expenses

This section amends the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to clarify that any service fees related to internet connections cannot be included when calculating the excess shelter expense deduction for participants in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).

Sec. 10105

Matching funds requirements

This section amends the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to establish new matching fund requirements based on states' payment error rates. It lays out a framework for determining the federal and state shares of costs associated with allotments for states, with specific percentages based on the determined payment error rates, effective from fiscal year 2028.

Sec. 10106

Administrative cost sharing

This section amends the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to adjust the federal government’s cost-sharing percentage for administrative expenses related to the program. It sets the cost-sharing rate at 50% through fiscal year 2026 and reduces it to 25% starting in fiscal year 2027 and for subsequent years.

Sec. 10107

National education and obesity prevention grant program

This section amends the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 to extend the National education and obesity prevention grant program funding period from only fiscal year 2016 to include each fiscal year from 2016 through 2025.

Sec. 10108

Alien SNAP eligibility

This section amends the eligibility criteria for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to clarify that only certain individuals who are residents of the U.S. can participate. Eligible participants must be U.S. citizens, lawfully admitted permanent residents, specific entrants from Cuba and Haiti, or individuals residing under certain international agreements. It also stipulates how the income and resources of ineligible individuals affect the eligibility and allotment calculations for their households.

Sec. 10201

Rescission of amounts for forestry

This section rescinds unobligated funds from various provisions of Public Law 117-169 related to forestry appropriations, effectively reducing the allocated budget intended for these programs.

Sec. 10301

Effective reference price; reference price

This section amends the Agricultural Act of 2014 by establishing new reference prices for various covered commodities starting in the 2025 crop year. It sets specific dollar amounts for crops such as wheat, corn, and soybeans, and introduces a mechanism for adjusting these prices in subsequent years.